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DYNAMO ELEGTRIG MACHINE.

No. 282,446. Patented July 31. 1883.

(No Model.) 4Sheets-.-Sheet 2.

Z.' DE ,FERRANTI & A. THQMPSON.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MAGHINE.

No. 282,446. Patented July 31, 1883.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. S. Z. DE FERRANTI '& A. THOMPSON.

DYNAMO ELEGTRIG MAGHINE.

Patented Ju 4 Sheets-Sheet 4..

(No Model.)

S. Z. DE FERRANTI 8: A. THOMPSON.

DYNAMO BLEGTRIG MACHINE.

Patented July 31, 1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SEBASTIAN ZIANI FERRANTI, OF RICHMOND GARDENS, SHEPHERDS BUSH, AND ALFRED THOMPSON, OF GUILDFORD PLACE, RUSSELL SQUARE COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 282,446, dated July 31, 1883.

Application filed November 22, 1882. (No model.) Patented in England August 17, 188:2, No. 3,950.

To all whom it may concern.- the field-magnets, and the breaks between the I Be it known that we, SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE inner rubbersto come opposite the center \FERRANTI, a subject of the Queen of Great of the intermediate spaces, the rubbers thus Britain, residing at Richmond Gardens, Shepforming a broken conductor, and the break 5 herds Bush, electrician, and ALFRED THOMP- in this conductor being so arranged that the soN, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, breaks in the outer set of rubbers come opporesiding at Guildford Place, Russell Square, site the center of the inner rubbers or collectelectrician, both in the county of Middlesex, ors. The rubbers are kept stationary in their England, have invented certain new and useplaces, and in this way cause the electricity, as I0 ful Improvements in Dynamo-Electric Mathe copper bars revolve, to be continuously chines or Electric Generators and apparatus going onward in one and the same direction.

connected therewith, (for which we have re Thus the current would travel in a zigzag diceived Letters Patent in Great Britain, N0. rection partly through the revolving metal and 7 3,950, dated August l7,'1882,) of whichthe folpartly through the stationary rubbers. In I 5 lowing is a specification. order to take the currentfrom the machine, one This invention has for its object improveof the rubbers will be cut at its center, which ments in dynamo-machines or electric genercenter will be over the center of one of the ators and apparatus connected therewith. magnets. In order to excite theficldmagnets Our invention consists of improvements in of the machine, the whole current may be 20 dynamo-electric machines which may be empassed round them, or, as a shunt to the main 1 ployed either for generating currents or concircuit, a portion of the main current may be verting electricity into mechanical energy. passed round them. The machine may be sepa- One of these improvements consists in re: rately excited from another source, or perma- Volvingcopper bars in a magnetic field, such nent magnets may be used. bars being fixed radially round the periphery Another portionof our invention consists of a revolving disk and insulated from each in the manner in which the said revolving bars magnetic field-would beformed of two sets of inner ends of the metallic bars wedge-shaped magnets fixed round the faces of two disks opand pinching them between the grooves of the posite each other, with the said copper bars center wheel, which would be made in two revolving between them, and the field-magnets halves bolted together.

would be so arranged as to present alternately Figure 1 of the drawings annexed shows a their north and south poles to said insulated side elevation of one-half of a wheel with cop copper bars, and so arranged that the north per bars radiating out from it and with con- 3 5 and south poles of the said magnets shall be tact-plates bearing against them, as above defacing each other on' either side of the said scribed. The position of the field-magnets is copper bars. On revolving thecopper bars also shown. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of electricity will be generated therein alterthe same. Fig. 3 shows a side elevation of natelyfrom and toward the center in travsome of the bars on a larger scale. Fig. 4

o ersing successively the magnetic fields round shows another elevation of one of the bars, the the entire system. In order to collect the elecside shown in this figure being one of the sides tricity so generated into one continuous curat right angles to the side shown at Fig. 3. o rent, we arrange a series of metallic rubbers This view (Fig. 4) also shows the way in which or conductors around the outer and inner cirthe inner ends of the bars are secured to the 45 cumference of the field-magnets, arranging the central part of the wheel. Fig. 5 shows, on a breaks between the several rubbers or 001- larger scale, the way in which the metallic conlectors of the outer set to eome opposite the tact-pieces are carried and held up to the racenter-of every other radial space between dial copper bars. Fig. (3 shows an end view,

other and from the body'of the machine. The are fixed and held in position by making the 7 5 I and Fig." 7 a front view, of the entire machine. Fig. 8 is a transversevertical section of the same, and Fig. 9 a part longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 1.0 shows the wheel with the conducting-bars radiating out from it, also part of the two rings carrying the contactplates, also some of the eontactplates. Fig. 11 is a transverse vertical section of the wheel. Fig. 12 is a face view of part of one of the magnet-poles and of part of one of the guard-rings fixed to it. Figs. 13 and 14 show the way in which the current is led off from one of the rubbers. Fig. 15 isa diagram view to show the zigzag course of the current through the several parts of the armature. A few only of the radial conducting-bars are shown in this figure.

In these figures, A. a revolving axis, carrying the wheel B, formed in two halves bolted together, and clamping between them the inner ends of a number of radial metallic bars, (1, preierably of copper, The radial bars might, however, be otherwise carried from the wheel, and, it desired, their outer ends might be se cured to a metallic tyer, but insulated therefrom. Between the outer ends of the radial bars are placed distance-pieces D, of non-eonducting material. The inner ends of the bars are also insulated from the two halves of the wheel and from one another by insulating material .r, placed between them,as shown at Figs. 3 and i. The two halves of the wheel are by preference made of phosphor-bronze. \V hen the bars have been ranged in a circle around the shaft and the distancepieccs have been put into place between their outer ends, the two halves of the wheel are drawn together so as to make them grasp the inner ends of the bars. The bars are then all drawn inward 'toward the shaft by the action of inclines on the two parts of the wheel acting against inclines on the inner ends of the bars.

E E are the field-magnets. Their poles are made to be alternately north and south, as above explained, and they are carried by fixed support-ing-rings F, which form part of the end frames of the machine.

ll E. are guard-rings, of non-magnetic material, iixed to the face of the magnet-poles so as be ilush therewith, as shown at Figs. 8, 9, and 12. One of the end, frames F has rods G- standing out from it at intervals, one set of rods outside the magnets, the other set on the inner side of the magnets.

H I are two rings, each having lugs projecting out from them. The lugs of the larger ring, H, are free to slide to and fro along the outer set of rods G and the lugs of the smaller :ring, I, upon the inner set of rods G. Around the rods are spiral springs, which keep the rings H and I pressed toward the bars which radiate out from the revolving wheel. The face of each ring which is toward the radial bars 0 carries a number of metallic contactplates,1 which are insulated from the rings and from one another. Bythe action of the spiral springs they are kept against the radial bars. The breaks between the contactplates or rubbers carried by the outer ring are,as shown, opposite the center ofevery other radial space between the iieldanagnets, while the breaks between the contact-plates or rubbers carried by the inner ring are opposite the centers of the intermediate spaces. The radial bars,with the two sets of contact-plates or rubbers, thus make a continuous zigzag inetallie circuit.

If a single current only is to be taken from the machine, one only of the rubbers or contact-plates will be cut through at its center, as shown at L, Figs. 1, 8, and 15, and an insulated conducting-wire will. be led from one half of the contact-plate to an insulated terminal, M, and so to thcline-wire ol' the circuit, and, similarly, the other half of the contactplate will be coupled to another insulated terminal N, for the returncurrent to complete the circuit; or, it a greater number of circuits is to be taken from the machine, a greater number of contact-plates or rubbers will be cut through, and the currents will then be taken off at one half of each contact-plate so cut through and returned through another of the half contact-plates, which, by the zigzag metallic connections above described, is in electrical contact therewith. Dotted lines X Y in the diagram Fig. show how two circuits may be taken off, one of the contactplates being not only cut through at L, but another also cut through at the point indicated by the dotted line L.

The framing of the machine and the electromagnets carried by it are all constructed as described in another application for patent made by us, and numbered 7 7 ,355. The machine is also provided with a fixed guard-ring, O, as is described in that application.

To excite the magnets E, a current :is led through their coils from one terminal, ill, to the other terminal, N. This circuit, therefore, forms a shunt on the main circuit.

\Vhat we claim is- 1. In the construction of the armatures oi. dynamo-electric machines or electric generators for producing continuous currents, the combination of radial conducting-bars and contact-plates or equivalent contact ineehair ism, substantially ilSllQl'GlllbBfOl'G described.

2. The combination of a number ol'magnetpoles ranged in a circle with a number of radial conducting-bars carried by an axis and revolved in front of the magnet-poles, and with contact-plates or equivalent contact meclt anism by which the outer ends of the radial bars which at any time are in front of two of the adjoining magnet-poles are set in electrical connection withonc another, also with other contact-plates or equivalent contact mechanism by which the inner ends 01' the radial bars which are in front of each. 01' these magnet-poles and of the next succeed ing magnet-pole are similarly put in electrical IOO ' 5 matures of dynamoelectric machines, the com- 2s2.44c 7. a

connection with one another, so as .to form a them the dovetail ends of the radial bars, sub- IO zigzag circuit through the several portions of stantially as described. the armature, substantially as described. T 1 SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRAMI. 3. In the constluction of the levolvlng a1- ALFRED THOMPSON bination of radial conducting -.ba1s having Witnesses: dovetail feet with a Wheel formed in two JNO. DEAN, halves, drawn together by bolts, and with both GEO. J. 'B. FRANKLIN, halves grooved toreceive and hold between Both of 17 Gracechm'ch Stref, London. 

